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Jimmy on June 9, 2024

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**Audie Murphy.**

**Audie Leon Murphy (Kingston, 20 de junho de 1925 — Catawba, 28 de maio de 1971) foi um soldado e ator norte-americano. Participou de trinta e três faroestes entre 1950 e 1969, a maioria de baixo orçamento, tornando-se o legítimo herdeiro dos antigos cowboys dos faroestes B, como Roy Rogers, Tim Holt e Gene Autry.**

**Filho de lavradores, Audie Murphy teve de trabalhar desde cedo para sustentar a mãe e oito irmãos, pois o pai abandonou a família quando ele tinha doze anos. Com dezoito anos alistou-se na infantaria e participou ativamente de nove campanhas na África, Sicília, Itália, França e Alemanha durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial. Pela sua bravura em combates tornou-se o soldado americano mais condecorado da guerra, tendo recebido mais de vinte medalhas, incluindo a Medalha de Honra, Purple Heart, Silver Star, Marksman Badge with Rifle Bar, Croix de Guerre da Bélgica e da França, Legion of Merit e a Purple Star.**

**Após a guerra, sua fotografia apareceu na capa da revista Life e foi vista pela ator James Cagney, que o levou para Hollywood. Murphy estreou como ator em 1948 no filme Beyond Glory, drama estrelado por Alan Ladd. Alguns pequenos papéis depois, apareceu em seu primeiro faroeste, The Kid From Texas. A essa altura ele já estava casado com a atriz Wanda Hendrix, com quem fez seu filme seguinte, Sierra. A união duraria apenas até Abril de 1951, devido, em parte, aos traumas pós-guerra sofridos pelo ator, que o faziam ter terríveis pesadelos e dormir com armas por toda a casa, inclusive debaixo do travesseiro. Três dias após o divórcio, Murphy casou-se com Pamela Archer, a quem conhecera no ano anterior e que lhe daria seus dois únicos filhos, Terry e James.**

**Em 28 de maio de 1971, o avião particular em que viajavam Murphy e mais quatro executivos chocou-se com uma montanha durante uma tempestade, a vinte quilômetros da cidade de Roanoke, na Virginia. Ninguém sobreviveu. Murphy foi enterrado no Cemitério Nacional de Arlington, com todas as honras militares.**

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Gravesite of Medal of Honor recipient and actor Audie Murphy Section 46, Grave 366-11 He wanted to join the Marines, but he was too short. The paratroopers wouldn't have him, either. Reluctantly, he settled on the infantry, and ultimately became one of the most decorated heroes of World War II. He ... View MoreGravesite of Medal of Honor recipient and actor Audie Murphy Section 46, Grave 366-11 He wanted to join the Marines, but he was too short. The paratroopers wouldn't have him, either. Reluctantly, he settled on the infantry, and ultimately became one of the most decorated heroes of World War II. He was Audie Murphy, the baby-faced Texas farmboy who became an American legend. Murphy grew up on a sharecropper's farm in Hunt County, Texas. After his father deserted the family, he helped raise his 11 brothers and sisters, dropping out of school in the fifth grade to earn money picking cotton. He was 16 years old when his mother died, and he watched as his siblings were doled out to an orphanage or to relatives. Seeking an escape from this difficult life, Murphy enlisted in the Army in 1942 — falsifying his birth certificate so that he appeared to be 18, one year older than he actually was. Following basic training, Murphy was assigned to the 15th Regiment, 3rd Infantry Division in North Africa. First entering combat in July 1943, during the invasion of Sicily, he proved himself to be a proficient marksman and a highly skilled soldier. He consistently demonstrated how well he understood the techniques of small-unit action. Murphy landed at Salerno, Italy to fight in the Voltuno River campaign, and then at Anzio to be part of the Allied force that fought its way to Rome. Throughout these campaigns, Murphy's skills earned him advancements in rank, because many of his superior officers were being transferred, wounded or killed. After the capture of Rome in June 1944, Murphy earned his first decoration for gallantry. Shortly thereafter, his unit was withdrawn from Italy to train for Operation Anvil-Dragoon, the invasion of southern France that began on August 15, 1944. During seven weeks of fighting in that successful campaign, Murphy's division suffered 4,500 casualties, and he became one of the most decorated men in his company. But his biggest test was yet to come. On January 26, 1945, near the village of Holtzwihr in eastern France, Lt. Murphy's forward positions came under fierce attack by the Germans. Against the onslaught of six Panzer tanks and 250 infantrymen, Murphy ordered his men to fall back to better their defenses. Alone, he mounted an abandoned, burning tank destroyer and, with a single machine gun, contested the enemy's advance. Wounded in the leg during the heavy fire, Murphy remained there for nearly an hour, repelling the attack of German soldiers on three sides and single-handedly killing 50 of them. His courageous performance stalled the German advance and allowed him to lead his men in the counterattack which ultimately drove the enemy from Holtzwihr. For this, Murphy was awarded the Medal of Honor, the United States' highest award for gallantry in action. By the end of World War II, Murphy had become one of the nation's most-decorated soldiers, earning an unparalleled 28 medals (including three from France and one from Belgium). Murphy had been wounded three times during the war. In May 1945, when victory was declared in Europe, he had still not reached his 21st birthday. Audie Murphy returned to a hero's welcome in the United States. His photograph appeared on the cover of Life magazine, and actor James Cagney persuaded him to embark on an acting career. Still shy and unassuming, Murphy arrived in Hollywood with only his good looks and — by his own account — "no talent." Nevertheless, he went on to make more than 40 films. His first part was just a small one in the 1948 film "Beyond Glory." The following year, he published his wartime memoir, "To Hell and Back," which received positive reviews. In 1955, he portrayed himself in the movie version of the book. Many film critics, however, believe that his best performance was "The Red Badge of Courage," director John Huston's 1951 Civil War epic based on the novel by Stephen Crane. Murphy retired from acting after 21 years, and subsequently bred race horses and pursued various business ventures. But he struggled financially, due to gambling and unsuccessful investments, and he declared bankruptcy in 1968. Murphy suffered from what is now known as post-traumatic stress disorder, experiencing headaches, depression and nightmares; he once said that he could sleep only with a loaded pistol under his pillow. In 1971, at the age of 46, Murphy died in the crash of a private plane near Roanoke, Virginia. Audie Murphy is buried in Section 46, just across from the Memorial Amphitheater. A special flagstone walkway has been constructed to accommodate the large number of people who stop to pay their respects to this hero. Medal of Honor citation: "2d Lt. Murphy commanded Company B, which was attacked by 6 tanks and waves of infantry. 2d Lt. Murphy ordered his men to withdraw to prepared positions in a woods, while he remained forward at his command post and continued to give fire directions to the artillery by telephone. Behind him, to his right, 1 of our tank destroyers received a direct hit and began to burn. Its crew withdrew to the woods. 2d Lt. Murphy continued to direct artillery fire which killed large numbers of the advancing enemy infantry. With the enemy tanks abreast of his position, 2d Lt. Murphy climbed on the burning tank destroyer, which was in danger of blowing up at any moment, and employed its .50 caliber machinegun against the enemy. He was alone and exposed to German fire from 3 sides, but his deadly fire killed dozens of Germans and caused their infantry attack to waver. The enemy tanks, losing infantry support, began to fall back. For an hour the Germans tried every available weapon to eliminate 2d Lt. Murphy, but he continued to hold his position and wiped out a squad which was trying to creep up unnoticed on his right flank. Germans reached as close as 10 yards, only to be mowed down by his fire. He received a leg wound, but ignored it and continued the single-handed fight until his ammunition was exhausted. He then made his way to his company, refused medical attention, and organized the company in a counterattack which forced the Germans to withdraw. His directing of artillery fire wiped out many of the enemy; he killed or wounded about 50. 2d Lt. Murphy's indomitable courage and his refusal to give an inch of ground saved his company from possible encirclement and destruction, and enabled it to hold the woods which had been the enemy's objective."

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June 9, 2024