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National Geographic Back in 2010, scientists collecting data on sperm whale diets in the Gulf of Mexico stumbled upon something unexpected—a tiny shark that would later make headlines. It wasn’t until 2013 that researchers realized the little creature they had preserved was something never seen before. Fast forward to 2019, and it was officially classified as a new species: Mollisquama mississippiensis.This deep-sea wonder is only about 14 centimeters long—small enough to fit in your hand—but what it lacks in size, it makes up for in unique abilities. The pocket shark glows in the dark thanks to specialized light-emitting glands located near its gills. These “pockets” release bioluminescent fluid, possibly to distract predators or attract prey. Plus, its body is dotted with photophores—tiny light-producing organs that enhance its visibility in the pitch-black depths.It’s only the third shark species known to have this glowing liquid defense system, joining the taillight shark and Mollisquama parini, a relative found in the Pacific Ocean.Advanced CT scans and x-ray analysis later revealed even more surprises: fewer vertebrae, unusual teeth, and possibly a special organ near the jaw that senses pressure changes—perfect for navigating the ocean’s dark and mysterious depths.This discovery reminds us how little we truly know about what lies beneath. Who knows what other strange and glowing creatures are still waiting to be found in our oceans?🌊🦈✨