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‘He disarmed the rulers and authorities’ - The cross of Christ marks the decisive defeat of the demonic powers. On the cross, they were stripped of their power to accuse Christians before God. Nevertheless, these demons continue to exist and to exercise power to incite evil, so Christins must continue to struggle with them (see Ephesians 6:12, 6:16).‘Put them to shame’ - The cross publicly reveals the failure of the demonic powers to thwart God’s plan of salvation through Christ (see 1 Corinthians 2:6-8).  ‘Triumphing over them’ - The image is of a triumphal Roman military procession. The defeated king with all of his surviving warriors and the spoils of war were paraded through the streets of Rome. as a public spectacle for all to see.--- Crossway ESV Study Bible notes